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Lethal Alleles

Lethal Alleles

Agouti: A Lethal Allele
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 21, 2025

A Ligated Intestinal Loop Model in Anesthetized Specific Pathogen Free Chickens to Study Clostridium Perfringens Virulence

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Published on: October 11, 2018

Lamb mortality and clostridial disease.

C M Bingham¹, A Hodge²

¹Zoetis New Zealand Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand.

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

|September 9, 2021

Summary

Vaccinating lambs against clostridial diseases significantly reduced overall lamb loss by 23.6%. This vaccination strategy proved particularly effective in decreasing losses among female lambs, showing an 87% reduction post-docking.

Keywords:

Lambs clostridial mortality survival vaccination wastage

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Animal Science
Sheep Production

Background:

Lamb loss in the first year of life presents a significant economic challenge in sheep farming.
Clostridial diseases are a major cause of mortality in young sheep.
Hill country farms in New Zealand face specific challenges in livestock management.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify lamb mortality on a New Zealand hill country farm.
To evaluate the efficacy of a multivalent clostridial vaccine in reducing lamb losses.
To determine the optimal timing for vaccination interventions.

Main Methods:

A randomized controlled trial was conducted on a commercial sheep and beef farm.
Lambs were divided into vaccinated and unvaccinated control groups.
Vaccination involved a multivalent clostridial vaccine administered at docking and four weeks later.

Main Results:

Total lamb loss was 4.8% in vaccinated lambs versus 6.2% in unvaccinated lambs.
Vaccination was associated with a 23.6% reduction in overall lamb loss from docking to pre-lambing.
Female lambs showed a substantial reduction in loss (87%) after docking in the vaccinated group.

Conclusions:

Multivalent clostridial vaccination at docking and four weeks later is effective in reducing lamb mortality.
The vaccination strategy demonstrated significant benefits, particularly for female lambs.
Implementing this vaccination protocol can improve lamb survival rates on hill country farms.