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Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Generating Lap Joints Via Friction Stir Spot Welding on DP780 Steel
Published on: August 13, 2019
Friction Stir Processing Influence on Microstructure, Mechanical, and Corrosion Behavior of Steels: A Review
Neçar Merah1,2, Mohammed Abdul Azeem1, Hafiz M Abubaker1
1Mechanical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Friction stir processing (FSP) technology has received reasonable attention in the past two decades to process a wide range of materials such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium, steel, and superalloys. Due to its thermomechanical processing nature, FSP is used to alter grain structure and enhance mechanical and corrosion behavior in a wide range of steels. The refinement in grains and phase transformations achieved in steel after FSP affects hardness, tensile properties, fracture toughness, fatigue crack propagation rate, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. A number of review papers are available on friction stir welding (FSW) or FSP of nonferrous alloys. In this article, a comprehensive literature review on the FSP/FSW of different types of steels is summarized. Specifically, the influence of friction stir processing parameters such as advancing speed, rotational speed, tool material, etc., on steels' performance is discussed along with assessment methodologies and recommendations.
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