Proanthocyanidins Maintain Cardiac Ionic Homeostasis in Aldosterone-Induced Hypertension and Heart Failure

Excess aldosterone promotes pathological remodeling of the heart and imbalance in cardiac ion homeostasis of sodium, potassium and calcium. Novel treatment with proanthocyanidins in aldosterone-treated rats has resulted in downregulation of cardiac SGK1, the main genomic aldosterone-induced intracellular mediator of ion handling. It therefore follows that proanthocyanidins could be modulating cardiac ion homeostasis in aldosterone-treated rats. Male Wistar rats received aldosterone (1 mg kg^-1 day^-1) +1% NaCl for three weeks. Half of the animals in each group were simultaneously treated with the proanthocyanidins-rich extract (80% w/w) (PRO80, 5 mg kg^-1 day^-1). PRO80 prevented cardiac hypertrophy and decreased calcium content. Expression of ion channels (ROMK, NHE1, NKA and NCX1) and calcium transient mediators (CAV1.2, pCaMKII and oxCaMKII) were reduced by PRO80 treatment in aldosterone-treated rats. To conclude, our data indicate that PRO80 may offer an alternative treatment to conventional MR-blockade in the prevention of aldosterone-induced cardiac pathology.