Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...

Abnormal Proliferation

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...

MAPK Signaling Cascades

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Clec3b<sup>+</sup> extraskeletal cells regulate fracture healing and heterotopic ossification.

Bone research·2026

Same author

Mechanical properties and antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans biofilms of novel bioactive tooth root coatings in tooth-brushing simulation.

Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials·2026

Same author

A large language model for complex cardiology care.

Nature medicine·2026

Same author

Beta-Arrestin 1 Deficiency Enhances Host Anti-Myeloma Immunity Through T Cell Activation and Checkpoint Modulation.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Same author

Supporting orthopaedic surgery residents as parents - there is room to improve!

American journal of surgery·2025

Same author

Editorial: Frontiers in dental medicine: highlights in systems integration 2021/22.

Frontiers in dental medicine·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Published on: January 7, 2019

PIM Kinases in Multiple Myeloma.

Jian Wu¹, Emily Chu¹, Yubin Kang¹

¹Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

|September 10, 2021

Summary

PIM kinases are crucial in multiple myeloma (MM). Inhibitors targeting these kinases show promise for treating MM, with ongoing research exploring combination therapies and immune system modulation for better outcomes.

Keywords:

PI3K/Akt/mTOR PIM kinase inhibitor multiple myeloma resistance

More Related Videos

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Published on: May 15, 2019

Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants

Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants

Published on: June 6, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Published on: January 7, 2019

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Published on: May 15, 2019

Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants

Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology

Background:

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer requiring novel therapies.
PIM kinases (PIM1, PIM2, PIM3) regulate key cancer processes like growth, apoptosis, and drug resistance.
PIM kinases are implicated in myeloma tumorigenesis, making them therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

To review PIM kinase pathways and their role in MM.
To summarize the development status of PIM kinase inhibitors for MM treatment.
To highlight combinatorial strategies and future therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

Literature review of PIM kinase pathways and inhibitors.
Analysis of current clinical trial data for PIM kinase inhibitors.
Exploration of PIM kinase interactions with other therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

Several PIM kinase inhibitors are in clinical trials for MM.
PIM kinase inhibition demonstrates potential for MM treatment.
Combination therapies with PIM inhibitors may enhance cytotoxic effects.

Conclusions:

PIM kinase inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic strategy for MM.
Further research is needed to elucidate PIM kinase roles in the immune microenvironment and synergy with immunomodulatory drugs.
Exploiting PIM kinases offers novel avenues for MM treatment.