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Reducing Metabolic Cost During Planetary Ambulation Using Robotic Actuation.

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    Robotic actuators in spacesuits can significantly reduce the metabolic cost of walking during extravehicular activity. This technology could save astronauts substantial energy, crucial for long-duration planetary missions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Robotics
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • Current spacesuits (extravehicular mobility units - EMU) are cumbersome, increasing the metabolic cost of astronaut movement.
    • Robotic actuators offer a potential solution to enhance performance during extravehicular activities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and apply a novel biomechanical method for quantifying the benefits of robotic actuators assisting planetary ambulation.
    • To assess the impact of robotic assistance on metabolic cost during simulated extravehicular activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the OpenSim framework for biomechanical analysis of three walking conditions: unsuited, suited (EMU), and suited with robotic assistance.
    • Calculated inverse kinematics, inverse dynamics, muscle activation, and metabolic cost for lower body joints (hip, knee, ankle).

    Main Results:

    • Spacesuit use increased lower body joint moments and overall metabolic cost by 85% compared to unsuited conditions.
    • Assistive robotic actuators reduced the metabolic cost induced by the spacesuit by 15%.

    Conclusions:

    • Robotic actuators, particularly at the hip, can significantly reduce the metabolic cost associated with spacesuit use.
    • This technology shows potential for substantial energy savings for astronauts on planetary expeditions, comparable to current assistive walking technologies.