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Persistent joint pain and arm function in former baseball players.

Garrett S Bullock1,2,3, Kristen F Nicholson3, Brian R Waterman3

  • 1Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

JSES International
|September 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Former baseball players experience significant persistent joint pain and arm disability, particularly in the shoulder and elbow. This study highlights the need for long-term joint health strategies for athletes transitioning out of competitive play.

Keywords:
CollegeElbowOsteoarthritisPitchingProfessionalSANEShoulder

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Baseball's unique demands may influence joint pain differently than other sports.
  • Persistent joint pain reduces function and is a common reason for seeking medical care.
  • The long-term joint pain and functional status of retired baseball players are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate persistent joint pain and arm function in former baseball players.
  • To determine if playing position is associated with increased joint pain or reduced arm function in retired players.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 117 retired baseball players.
  • Outcomes included persistent joint pain and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores.
  • Multivariable regressions adjusted for age, BMI, arm dominance, playing history, and injury/surgery history.

Main Results:

  • Shoulders (28%) and elbows (21%) showed the highest prevalence of persistent joint pain.
  • No significant differences in dominant arm function were found based on injury or surgery history.
  • No association was observed between playing position and dominant arm pain or function.

Conclusions:

  • Former baseball players exhibit increased dominant arm disability and persistent pain, even at a young age.
  • Baseball participation appears linked to arm disability post-retirement, regardless of injury history or position.
  • Clinicians should develop long-term joint health strategies for retiring baseball players, focusing on the throwing arm.