Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Responses to Salt Stress02:02

Responses to Salt Stress

13.6K
Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.
13.6K
Determining the pH of Salt Solutions04:08

Determining the pH of Salt Solutions

44.7K
The pH of a salt solution is determined by its component anions and cations. Salts that contain pH-neutral anions and the hydronium ion-producing cations form a solution with a pH less than 7. For example, in ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) solution, NO3− ions do not react with water whereas NH4+ ions produce the hydronium ions resulting in the acidic solution.  In contrast, salts that contain pH-neutral cations and the hydroxide ion-producing anions form a solution with a pH greater than...
44.7K
Ionic Strength: Overview01:12

Ionic Strength: Overview

2.1K
The ionic strength of a solution is a quantitative way of expressing the total electrolyte concentration of a solution. This concept was first introduced in 1921 by two American physical chemists, Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall, while describing the activity coefficient of strong electrolytes. During the calculation of ionic strength (I or μ), all the cations and anions are considered. However, the concentration (c) of an ion with a greater charge number (z) has a greater contribution...
2.1K
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

2.0K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
2.0K
Chemical Equilibria: Redefining Equilibrium Constant01:20

Chemical Equilibria: Redefining Equilibrium Constant

871
The effect of an inert salt on the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt is known as the salt effect. The degree of the salt effect varies with the ionic strength of the solution, which in turn depends on the activity of the species in the solution. The activity is expressed as the product of concentration and the activity coefficient of the species.
To calculate the equilibrium constants of solutions of moderately high ionic strength, one must account for the salt effect. This redefined...
871
Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

34.8K
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
34.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Actin scaffolds as organizers of presynaptic function, assembly and plasticity across species.

Biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

Neuronal membrane organization by the submembranous spectrin-ankyrin scaffold: evolution, specialization and disease.

Biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

Golgi-associated membrane scaffolds: roles in health and disease.

Biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

Mechanistic insights on spatiotemporal control of Ras-signaling.

Biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

Cysteine cathepsin proteases in apicomplexan parasites.

Biological chemistry·2026
Same journal

Electron donating and withdrawing groups affect the antioxidant activity of 4'-aminochalcones on gentamicin-induced kidney cell injury.

Biological chemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Analysis of Effect of Compound Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Salt Tolerance Analysis of Pepper Capsicum annuum L.
08:27

Analysis of Effect of Compound Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Salt Tolerance Analysis of Pepper Capsicum annuum L.

Published on: November 30, 2022

4.7K

Quantifying salt sensitivity.

Hans Oberleithner1

  • 1Institute of Physiology II, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.

Biological Chemistry
|September 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A compromised proteoglycan coating increases sodium sensitivity, potentially leading to organ damage. The new salt blood test (SBT) offers a simple method to quantify this salt sensitivity for disease prevention.

Keywords:
NaClRBCSBTglycocalyxhypertensionnitric oxide

More Related Videos

Psychophysical Tracking Method to Assess Taste Detection Thresholds in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: The Taste Detection Threshold TDT Test
08:52

Psychophysical Tracking Method to Assess Taste Detection Thresholds in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: The Taste Detection Threshold TDT Test

Published on: April 21, 2021

4.9K
Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults
09:17

Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults

Published on: July 16, 2016

17.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Analysis of Effect of Compound Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Salt Tolerance Analysis of Pepper Capsicum annuum L.
08:27

Analysis of Effect of Compound Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Salt Tolerance Analysis of Pepper Capsicum annuum L.

Published on: November 30, 2022

4.7K
Psychophysical Tracking Method to Assess Taste Detection Thresholds in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: The Taste Detection Threshold TDT Test
08:52

Psychophysical Tracking Method to Assess Taste Detection Thresholds in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: The Taste Detection Threshold TDT Test

Published on: April 21, 2021

4.9K
Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults
09:17

Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults

Published on: July 16, 2016

17.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Blood vessels and erythrocytes possess a protective proteoglycan coating.
  • This coating acts as a buffer against positively charged sodium ions.
  • Impaired coating reduces buffering capacity, increasing sodium sensitivity and risk of organ damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the physiological basis of the salt blood test (SBT).
  • To discuss the practical relevance of SBT in cardiovascular disease prevention.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews the physiological concept behind the salt blood test (SBT).
  • SBT is described as a technically simple method for quantifying salt sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • A poorly developed or impaired proteoglycan coating leads to reduced buffering capacity.
  • This impairment results in increased sensitivity to sodium, particularly with high salt intake.
  • This sensitivity can ultimately cause organ damage.

Conclusions:

  • The salt blood test (SBT) provides a quantifiable measure of salt sensitivity.
  • SBT has potential applications in preventing cardiovascular diseases by identifying individuals at risk.