Safety-catch linkers for Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of peptide thioesters and hydrazides by amide-to-imide activation

The use of C-terminal peptide thioesters and hydrazides in synthetic protein chemistry has inspired the search for optimal solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) strategies for their assembly. However, peptide thioesters are not directly accessible by conventional Fmoc-SPPS owing to the nucleophilicity of the secondary amine required for Fmoc removal. Here, we report the mild and effective activation of the pGlu linker and a new safety-catch linker that was used for the convenient synthesis of peptide thioesters and hydrazides via efficient amide-to-imide activation followed by nucleophilic displacement.