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High Temperature Superconductivity in a Lightly Doped Quantum Spin Liquid.

Hong-Chen Jiang1, Steven A Kivelson2

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We found strong superconducting correlations in a frustrated t-J model, showing they evolve smoothly from the parent quantum spin liquid state. This suggests a new pathway for high-temperature superconductivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials
  • Theoretical Physics

Background:

  • The t-J model is a fundamental model for strongly correlated electrons in materials like cuprates.
  • Understanding the emergence of superconductivity from insulating states is a key challenge in condensed matter physics.
  • Frustration, introduced by competing magnetic interactions, can significantly alter electronic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of superconducting correlations in a frustrated square lattice t-J model.
  • To explore the relationship between the insulating parent state and emergent superconductivity.
  • To determine the impact of frustration on superconducting correlation length and susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) studies were performed.
  • Simulations were conducted on long four and six-leg cylinders.
  • A second-neighbor exchange coupling (J2 = J1/2) was included to induce frustration and a quantum spin liquid parent state.

Main Results:

  • Power-law superconducting correlations were observed, with a Luttinger exponent K_SC ≈ 1.
  • This indicates a strongly diverging superconducting susceptibility as temperature approaches zero.
  • Spin-spin correlations decay exponentially, similar to the undoped state.

Conclusions:

  • Superconducting correlations in this frustrated model exhibit long-range behavior, unlike in non-frustrated systems.
  • The findings suggest a smooth evolution of pairing correlations from the insulating quantum spin liquid parent state.
  • This provides insights into potential mechanisms for high-temperature superconductivity in correlated electron systems.