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Early childhood fluoride exposure and preadolescent kidney function

Charles Saylor1, Ashley J Malin2, Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz3

  • 1Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Environmental Research
|September 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Childhood fluoride exposure did not impact kidney function in preadolescence. Further longitudinal studies are needed to understand potential long-term effects of early fluoride exposure on renal health.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Early-life renal maturation is vulnerable to environmental chemical exposure.
  • Widespread fluoride consumption and the global obesity epidemic necessitate understanding their combined health impacts.
  • Investigating the effects of childhood fluoride exposure on kidney function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if childhood fluoride exposure adversely affects kidney function in preadolescence.
  • To assess if adiposity status modifies the association between fluoride exposure and kidney function.
  • To evaluate the relationship between early urinary fluoride levels and preadolescent renal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • The PROGRESS cohort study included 438 children.
  • Urinary fluoride (uF) was measured at age 4; kidney function (eGFR, BUN, proteins) and blood pressure were assessed at age 8-12.
  • Statistical models adjusted for body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Main Results:

  • Median urinary fluoride was 0.67 μg/mL; no significant associations were found between early uF and preadolescent eGFR.
  • A trend towards decreased eGFR was observed with higher uF, but it did not reach statistical significance (p=0.23).
  • No sex-specific effects or BMI modification were detected, though a trend suggested inverse association between uF and eGFR in children with obesity (p=0.08).

Conclusions:

  • Low-level early childhood fluoride exposure showed no association with preadolescent renal function.
  • The preadolescent age might be too early to detect adverse effects of chronic fluoride exposure.
  • Longitudinal follow-up is essential to fully understand the long-term renal impact of early-life fluoride exposure.
Abstract

Keywords:
FluorideKidney functionObesityPreadolescentRenal

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