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Human adenovirus infections in pediatric population - An update on clinico-pathologic correlation
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Insights
Human adenoviruses are common in children, causing cold-like symptoms and severe respiratory illnesses. This review focuses on the clinico-pathologic correlation of adenovirus infections in the pediatric population.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Pathology
Background:
- Human adenoviruses are prevalent in children, with most experiencing infection by age 10.
- Adenovirus infections manifest with diverse symptoms, ranging from common cold-like signs to severe conditions like pneumonia and myocarditis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the basic virology and epidemiology of adenoviruses.
- To focus on the clinico-pathologic correlation of adenovirus infections, particularly in pediatric populations.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on adenovirus virology, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations.
- Analysis of clinico-pathologic correlations in adenovirus-associated diseases.
Main Results:
- Adenoviruses exhibit a wide spectrum of diseases, affecting multiple organ systems.
- Recent advancements in molecular biology have enhanced adenovirus taxonomy and understanding of disease diversity.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the clinico-pathologic correlation is crucial for comprehending adenovirus infections in children.
- This review provides insights into the complex relationship between adenovirus and disease pathology in the pediatric population.
Abstract:
Human adenoviruses can cause infections at any age but most commonly in pediatric population, especially in young children and infants. By the time of 10 years old, most children have had at least one episode of adenovirus infection. Adenoviruses can cause many symptoms similar to common cold, including rhinorrhea, fever, cough, and sore throat. Lower respiratory infections such as bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia can be severe and even fatal. Other diseases such as conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, cystitis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, and meningoencephalitis can also be associated with adenovirus infections. A variety of recent advancement of structural and molecular biology methods have revamped the taxonomy of adenoviruses and furthered our understanding of the diversity of related clinical diseases. Because of the wide spectrum and complexity of diseases associated with human adenovirus infections, the scope of this review is limited to basic virology and epidemiology of adenoviruses with a main focus on the clinico-pathologic correlation. Clinical manifestations and pathology of any infectious disease are always related; therefore, it is logical to review clinico-pathologic correlation within the specific disease entity caused by adenoviruses to better understand this common viral infection in pediatric population.
