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Related Concept Videos

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Liver Physiology01:30

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The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of  70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
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Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

The Use of Gas Chromatography to Analyze Compositional Changes of Fatty Acids in Rat Liver Tissue during Pregnancy
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Liver diseases in pregnancy.

Elvyna Lim1,2, Maria Mouyis3,2, Lucy MacKillop4

  • 1Luton and Dunstable University Hospital, Luton, UK.

Clinical Medicine (London, England)
|September 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Pregnancy-related liver conditions, including acute fatty liver and HELLP syndrome, require prompt medical attention. Effective management involves multidisciplinary teams and thorough investigations for optimal maternal and fetal outcomes.

Keywords:
imagingliver diseaseobstetric emergenciespregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Hepatology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Liver disease in pregnancy encompasses pre-existing conditions and those arising during gestation.
  • Conditions like autoimmune liver disease require pre-pregnancy counseling to manage potential complications.
  • Pregnancy-associated liver diseases, such as acute fatty liver of pregnancy and HELLP syndrome, are obstetric emergencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of recognizing and managing liver disease in pregnant women.
  • To emphasize the need for specialized care and multidisciplinary collaboration in managing these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical guidelines for liver disease in pregnancy.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic workup including blood tests and imaging.
  • Highlighting the necessity of a multidisciplinary team approach.

Main Results:

  • Pre-existing liver conditions necessitate pre-pregnancy counseling for risk assessment and management planning.
  • Acute fatty liver of pregnancy and HELLP syndrome demand immediate obstetric intervention.
  • Comprehensive investigations are crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Liver disease in pregnancy requires a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach involving various medical specialists.
  • Timely diagnosis and management are critical for improving outcomes in pregnant women with liver dysfunction.
  • Specialist care ensures optimal management of both maternal and fetal health.