Rupture Uterus in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine
• Surgical Outcomes

Background:

• Rupture uterus is a severe obstetric complication associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
• Understanding the prevalence and risk factors of uterine rupture is critical for improving obstetric care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of rupture uterus in pregnant individuals.
• To identify common risk factors and maternal complications associated with uterine rupture.

Main Methods:

• A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a 12-month period in a tertiary care setting.
• Data from 1559 deliveries were analyzed using SPSS software.
• Convenience sampling was employed for data collection.

Main Results:

• The prevalence of rupture uterus was found to be 0.0077% (12 cases out of 1559 deliveries).
• Previous lower segment cesarean scar rupture was the most frequent risk factor (58.3%).
• Complications included ICU admission, blood transfusion, surgical site infection, sepsis, paralytic ileus, pelvic collection, vesicovaginal fistula, with significant maternal and perinatal mortality.

Conclusions:

• Uterine rupture predominantly occurs in scarred uteri.
• Early identification of high-risk pregnancies, careful cesarean delivery practices, vigilant labor monitoring, and timely intervention are vital for reducing uterine rupture incidence and improving outcomes.