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Imaging of Turf Toe.

Michael T Perry¹, Jennifer L Pierce¹

¹Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, PO Box 800170, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.

Clinics in Sports Medicine

|September 12, 2021

Summary

Turf toe, a common athletic injury to the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, involves hyperdorsiflexion. This review details MTP joint anatomy, injury mechanisms, and imaging findings for turf toe, focusing on plantar plate complex injuries.

Keywords:

Forefoot Hallux Magnetic resonance imaging Metatarsophalangeal joint Plantar plate Turf toe Ultrasonography

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Area of Science:

Sports Medicine
Orthopedic Imaging
Anatomy

Background:

Turf toe is a frequent injury affecting the hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, particularly in athletes.
It results from a hyperdorsiflexion injury mechanism.
The term commonly refers to injuries of the plantar plate complex in the context of imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of turf toe injuries.
To detail the normal anatomy of the first MTP joint.
To describe common injury patterns and imaging findings.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on turf toe.
Discussion of normal first MTP joint anatomy.
Analysis of imaging findings (MRI and ultrasound) in both normal and injured states.

Main Results:

Detailed description of the first MTP joint's anatomy.
Explanation of the hyperdorsiflexion mechanism leading to turf toe.
Presentation of typical imaging characteristics for normal anatomy and common turf toe injuries, including plantar plate tears.

Conclusions:

Turf toe is primarily an injury to the plantar plate complex of the first MTP joint.
Understanding normal anatomy and injury mechanisms is crucial for accurate diagnosis via MRI and ultrasound.
This review provides a guide to identifying common turf toe injury patterns on imaging.