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In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells
Published on: September 23, 2021
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Extracellular vesicles in anti-tumor immunity
Elisabetta Vergani1, Elena Daveri1, Viviana Vallacchi1
1Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Seminars in Cancer Biology
|September 12, 2021
Summary
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a complex role in anti-tumor immunity, influencing cancer therapeutics and immunotherapy responses. Understanding immune cell-derived EVs is crucial for developing effective cancer treatments and overcoming resistance.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cancer Biology
- Nanomedicine
Background:
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial in intercellular communication, but their role in anti-tumor immunity is complex and not fully understood.
- Investigating immune cell-derived EVs is challenging due to their heterogeneity and difficulty in defining origins, unlike tumor-derived EVs.
- The rise of immune checkpoint inhibitors necessitates a deeper understanding of EV impact on immune responses and resistance in cancer therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the multifaceted roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in modulating anti-tumor immune responses.
- To highlight the significance of immune cell-derived EVs in the context of cancer therapeutics and immunotherapy.
- To discuss strategies for overcoming detrimental EV effects on anti-tumor immunity.
Main Methods:
- Review and synthesis of current literature on extracellular vesicle (EV) biology and function in cancer.
- Analysis of factors influencing immune responses in cancer patients undergoing therapy.
- Comparative discussion of tumor-derived EVs versus immune cell-derived EVs.
Main Results:
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) significantly influence immune activation and response dynamics in cancer.
- Immune cell-derived EVs present unique challenges and opportunities for cancer immunotherapy.
- Understanding EV subtypes and functions is key to predicting and overcoming therapeutic resistance.
Conclusions:
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are critical mediators of anti-tumor immunity, impacting cancer treatment efficacy.
- Targeting or modulating immune cell-derived EVs offers potential therapeutic strategies.
- Further research into EV biology is essential for advancing cancer immunotherapy and preventing resistance.
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