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A 2b-RAD parentage analysis pipeline for complex and mixed DNA samples.

Isaac Miller-Crews1, Mikhail V Matz1, Hans A Hofmann2

  • 1Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

Forensic Science International. Genetics
|September 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a cost-effective genotyping method using 2b-RAD sequencing for accurate parentage analysis. The new pipeline effectively infers familial relationships, even in complex or inbred populations.

Keywords:
2b-RADuencingCombined paternity indexIdentity-by-state matrixNext-generation sequencingParentage analysisPaternity testing

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Area of Science:

  • Population genomics
  • Molecular ecology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Microsatellite markers are costly and limited for species-specific parentage analysis.
  • Next-generation sequencing offers advanced genotyping but requires specialized pipelines for parentage.
  • Existing methods struggle with inbred populations and mixed DNA samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective and robust pipeline for parentage analysis using 2b-RAD sequencing.
  • To infer familial relationships from mixed DNA samples and populations, including inbred individuals.
  • To overcome limitations of traditional genetic testing methods in complex population structures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 2b-RAD sequencing for uniform fragment generation across samples.
  • Developed a probabilistic genotyping pipeline incorporating a weighted outlier paternity index (WOPI).
  • Employed an identity-by-state (IBS) matrix-based clustering for pedigree reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • Successfully inferred parentage in a highly inbred East African cichlid fish population.
  • Demonstrated accurate familial relationship inference from pooled offspring samples (clutches).
  • Validated the pipeline's ability to handle closely related individuals and resolve mixed DNA samples.

Conclusions:

  • 2b-RAD sequencing combined with the developed bioinformatics pipeline offers a versatile solution for parentage analysis.
  • This approach is cost-effective and applicable across diverse species, irrespective of available genomic resources.
  • The method effectively addresses challenges posed by inbreeding and mixed samples in genetic testing.