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Better method for detection of CD30: Immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry?
Morihiro Higashi1, Jun Kikuchi1, Chiaki Murakami1
1Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology : JCEH
|September 13, 2021
Summary
Flow cytometry (FCM) is more sensitive than immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detecting CD30 protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and T-cell lymphoma (TCL). Combining both IHC and FCM ensures reliable CD30 detection.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- CD30 protein expression is a key diagnostic marker in certain lymphomas.
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry (FCM) are common methods for assessing CD30.
- Standardization of CD30 assessment is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the sensitivity and reliability of IHC and FCM for CD30 assessment.
- To evaluate discordance rates between IHC and FCM in DLBCL and TCL.
- To recommend an optimal strategy for CD30 protein detection.
Main Methods:
- Compared IHC and FCM using the same anti-CD30 antibody clone (Ber-H2).
- Analyzed 123 DLBCL and 28 TCL patient specimens.
- Assessed sensitivity, especially in cases with low CD30 expression.
Main Results:
- FCM demonstrated higher sensitivity than IHC, particularly for low CD30 expression.
- Discordance between IHC and FCM was observed in 5 cases (3 TCL, 2 DLBCL).
- Rare instances of undetectable CD30 by FCM were noted.
Conclusions:
- FCM offers superior sensitivity for CD30 detection compared to IHC.
- A combination of IHC and FCM is recommended for comprehensive and quantitative CD30 assessment.
- This combined approach enhances diagnostic accuracy for DLBCL and TCL.
