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Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Novel In Vivo Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging Techniques for Assessing the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Published on: March 24, 2023

Primary Versus Secondary NAFLD: Perspective on Advanced Fibrosis.

Divya Shetty¹, Anjali Amarapurkar², Akash Shukla³

¹Department of Pathology, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Nerul, Navi, Mumbai, India.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

|September 13, 2021

Summary

Primary nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) shows more severe histopathological features, including advanced fibrosis, compared to secondary NAFLD. This suggests primary NAFLD may represent a more aggressive liver disease.

Keywords:

ALT, Alanine aminotransferase AST, Aspartate aminotransferase HBV, Hepatitis B virus HCC, Hepatocellular carcinoma HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus MDB, Mallory hyaline bodies MTX, Methotrexate NAFLD, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NAS, NAFLD activity score NASH, Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis advanced fibrosis inflammation non-alcoholic fatty liver disease primary NAFLD secondary NAFLD

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3D Imaging of the Liver Extracellular Matrix in a Mouse Model of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

3D Imaging of the Liver Extracellular Matrix in a Mouse Model of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Published on: February 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Hepatology
Gastroenterology
Pathology

Background:

Macrovesicular steatosis is a common liver biopsy finding, defining nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) when alcohol use is excluded.
NAFLD is categorized into primary and secondary types, with limited understanding of their distinct histopathological characteristics and fibrosis progression.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the histopathological differences between primary and secondary NAFLD.
To compare the prevalence of advanced fibrosis in primary versus secondary NAFLD.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 90 liver biopsies with ≥5% macrovesicular steatosis over three years.
Evaluation of histopathological features including steatosis, inflammation, ballooning degeneration, Mallory Denk bodies, glycogenated nuclei, and fibrosis stage.
Statistical comparison of demographic, clinical, and histopathological data between primary and secondary NAFLD groups.

Main Results:

Primary NAFLD (46.7%) and secondary NAFLD (53.3%) showed significant differences in ballooning degeneration, Mallory Denk bodies, glycogenated nuclei, and fibrosis stage (p < 0.05).
The overall prevalence of advanced fibrosis was 24.4%.
No significant differences were observed in AST/ALT ratio, steatosis, or inflammation grade between the two groups.

Conclusions:

Primary NAFLD is characterized by more severe histopathological findings, including a higher prevalence of ballooning degeneration, Mallory Denk bodies, glycogenated nuclei, and advanced fibrosis.
These findings suggest that primary NAFLD represents a more aggressive form of liver disease compared to secondary NAFLD.