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Thrombotic and Hypercoagulability Complications of COVID-19: An Update

Sapha Shibeeb1,2, Muneera Naseer Ahmad1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.

Journal of Blood Medicine
|September 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic causes severe thrombotic complications, particularly in critical patients. Understanding the exact mechanisms of these blood clots is crucial for developing targeted treatments and improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Hematology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to widespread respiratory illness and systemic complications.
  • Thrombotic events and coagulopathies are significant clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients, especially the critically ill, correlating with poor prognosis.
  • While COVID-19's link to increased thrombotic events is established, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the proposed pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to thrombotic complications in COVID-19.
  • To highlight the need for a deeper understanding of these mechanisms for improved therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on COVID-19, thrombosis, and coagulopathy.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms including virus-induced endothelial damage, inflammation, and cytokine storm.

Main Results:

  • Proposed mechanisms for COVID-19-associated thrombosis include endothelial cell damage, heightened inflammation, and excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
  • Despite prophylactic anticoagulation in critically ill patients, thrombotic episodes persist, indicating incomplete understanding and management.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into the specific pathways driving thrombotic complications in COVID-19 is essential.
  • A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms is critical for developing targeted treatments to improve disease management and patient prognosis.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2thromboembolismthrombosis

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