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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

245
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
245
Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

165
Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
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Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

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Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
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Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

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Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
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Coping Strategies: Problem Focused01:27

Coping Strategies: Problem Focused

201
Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

439
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

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Executive Functioning in Chinese Patients With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

Huicong Ren1, Haibin Li2, Jin Huang3

  • 1The Second Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|September 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study found no significant differences in executive functions between Chinese patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and healthy controls. These findings suggest impaired executive functioning may not be a core feature of OCD in this population.

Keywords:
CANTABcognitive functionsexecutive functionobsessive-compulsive disorderyale-brown obsessive compulsive scale

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is often associated with executive function deficits in Western populations.
  • Cross-cultural studies are needed to determine if these cognitive impairments are universal in OCD patients.
  • This research investigates executive functions in Chinese OCD patients compared to healthy controls.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate executive functions in Chinese patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • To compare cognitive performance between Chinese OCD patients and healthy controls (HCs).
  • To explore potential differences between mild and severe OCD symptom groups.

Main Methods:

  • 46 Chinese patients with OCD and 45 matched HCs participated.
  • The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) assessed executive functions (e.g., response inhibition, spatial working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility).
  • Statistical analyses, including Bonferroni correction, were used to compare groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in executive function performance were found between OCD patients and HCs.
  • Cognitive performance did not differ significantly between mild and severe OCD symptom groups.
  • The results did not support executive dysfunction as a core feature in this Chinese OCD cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Impaired executive functioning may not be a universal pathophysiological feature of obsessive compulsive disorder.
  • Further research is necessary to validate these findings due to study limitations.
  • Cultural factors might influence the manifestation of cognitive deficits in OCD.