Hybrid reflection retrieval method for terahertz dielectric imaging of human bone

Terahertz imaging is becoming a biological imaging modality in its own right, alongside the more mature infrared and X-ray techniques. Nevertheless, extraction of hyperspectral, biometric information of samples is limited by experimental challenges. Terahertz time domain spectroscopy reflection measurements demand highly precise alignment and suffer from limitations of the sample thickness. In this work, a novel hybrid Kramers-Kronig and Fabry-Pérot based algorithm has been developed to overcome these challenges. While its application is demonstrated through dielectric retrieval of glass-backed human bone slices for prospective characterisation of metastatic defects or osteoporosis, the generality of the algorithm offers itself to wider application towards biological materials.