Smartphone-Based Light Detection and Ranging for Remote Patient Evaluation and Monitoring

LIDAR (from "light detection and ranging" or "laser imaging, detection, and ranging") is an evolving three-dimensional scanning technology with historical applications in various fields. However, the applicability of LIDAR in the field of medicine has mostly not been examined thus far. Here, we review the basic principles governing LIDAR and its potential to be used in three notable use cases in the context of remote patient monitoring: geriatric fall prevention, postoperative recovery monitoring, and home safety assessment. For assisting geriatric populations, LIDAR can create 3D renderings of their home environments and classify which objects may be associated with risk for falls. These risk factors can then be forwarded to both patients and providers in order for them to discuss how to make the patient's environment safer. LIDAR is also capable of mapping the range of extremity motion in patients undergoing postoperative recovery. Such LIDAR data is simple to acquire and record for these patients and could enable unique metrics to be developed to assess patient outcomes in postoperative recovery. Finally, LIDAR can also reproduce 3D home models to identify attributes of their environments that could be harmful to infants. Given the recent momentum in telehealth following the events of the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) pandemic, LIDAR may also be a powerful tool in driving new insights from quality improvement initiatives through remote patient monitoring.