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Why Test Purchased Cattle in BVDV Control Programs?

Linda Van Duijn1, Inge Santman-Berends1, Marit Biesheuvel2

  • 1Royal GD, Deventer, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|September 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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Testing introduced cattle and their calves for Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) significantly reduces BVDV reintroduction risk in Dutch dairy herds. This measure identified 67 BVDV-positive animals, minimizing disease spread and impact.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Epidemiology
  • Animal Health Management
  • Disease Control Programs

Background:

  • Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) control relies on identifying and removing persistently infected (PI) animals.
  • Purchasing new cattle is a primary risk for BVD Virus (BVDV) introduction into herds.
  • Pregnant introduced cows pose a risk, as their calves may be PI even if the dam is not.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a risk mitigation strategy for BVDV introduction in the Dutch national control program.
  • To quantify the detection of BVDV-positive animals through testing introduced cattle and their offspring.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cattle movement, calving, and BVDV testing data from over 14,000 Dutch dairy herds in 2019.
  • Calculation of BVDV-positive introduced cattle and BVDV-positive calves born to introduced cows.
Keywords:
BVDBVDVPITrojan cowbovine viral diarrheacontrol programeradication

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  • Assessment of herd-level BVDV status and animal-level test results.

    • Main Results:

    • 27 (0.05%) of 49,820 tested introduced cows were BVDV positive.
    • 40 (1.3%) of 3,062 tested calves born to seropositive introduced cows were BVDV positive.
    • The measure detected a total of 67 BVDV-positive animals across 44 unique herds.

    Conclusions:

    • Testing introduced cattle and their subsequent calves is an effective risk mitigation measure against BVDV reintroduction.
    • This strategy helps minimize the probability and impact of BVDV re-emergence in dairy herds.
    • The Dutch BVDV control program's testing protocol successfully identified BVDV introductions.