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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

1.1K
Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
1.1K
¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution00:48

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution

1.0K
This lesson illustrates the role of deuterium substitution in simplifying the NMR spectrum of compounds comprising labile protons. One method employed is the use of deuterium. Amongst the three isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (2H) has a nucleus composed of one proton and one neutron. When the D2O solvent is added to a pure dry ethanol solution, its labile proton is substituted with deuterium.
1.0K
Reaction Stoichiometry02:57

Reaction Stoichiometry

71.9K
A balanced chemical equation provides a great deal of information in a very succinct format. Chemical formulas provide the identities of the reactants and products involved in the chemical change, allowing classification of the reaction. Coefficients provide the relative numbers of these chemical species, allowing a quantitative assessment of the relationships between the amounts of substances consumed and produced by the reaction. These quantitative relationships are known as the...
71.9K
Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

11.1K
A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
11.1K
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.3K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.3K
Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

1.9K
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation...
1.9K

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Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials
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Can nitrogen-based complex hydrides be a hydrogen isotope separation material?

Zhao Zhang1, Hujun Cao1, Zhitao Xiong1

  • 1Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. caohujun@dicp.ac.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
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A novel lithium amide-lithium hydride composite shows promise for hydrogen isotope separation. This material exhibits a significant isotope effect, facilitating efficient separation of hydrogen and deuterium at elevated temperatures.

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Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
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Automated, High-resolution Mobile Collection System for the Nitrogen Isotopic Analysis of NOx
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Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Nuclear Chemistry

Background:

  • Hydrogen isotope separation is crucial for nuclear applications and fusion energy.
  • Existing methods often involve complex processes or high energy consumption.
  • Development of efficient and cost-effective separation materials is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a nitrogen-based complex hydride for hydrogen isotope separation.
  • To evaluate the separation performance of a lithium amide-lithium hydride composite (Li-N-H).
  • To determine the isotope effect and optimal conditions for H-D exchange.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a lithium amide-lithium hydride composite (Li-N-H).
  • Experimental investigation of hydrogen-deuterium (H-D) exchange reactions.
  • Measurement of the isotope separation factor at various temperatures.

Main Results:

  • The Li-N-H composite demonstrated a distinct positive isotope effect.
  • A separation factor of 1.42 was achieved for H-D separation.
  • The H-D exchange process was observed to occur at 373 K and accelerate with increasing temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrogen-based complex hydrides are viable candidates for hydrogen isotope separation.
  • The Li-N-H composite offers a promising new material for efficient H-D separation.
  • Temperature plays a key role in accelerating the H-D exchange process, suggesting tunable separation capabilities.