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Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

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Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

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Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
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Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

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Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
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Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

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Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR...
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Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

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Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

A Flow Cytometry-based Assay to Identify Compounds That Disrupt Binding of Fluorescently-labeled CXC Chemokine Ligand 12 to CXC Chemokine Receptor 4
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A Flow Cytometry-based Assay to Identify Compounds That Disrupt Binding of Fluorescently-labeled CXC Chemokine Ligand 12 to CXC Chemokine Receptor 4

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CD155: A Key Receptor Playing Diversified Roles.

Shyam Sundar Nandi1, Trupti Gohil1, Sonali Ankush Sawant1

  • 1National Institute of Virology, (Mumbai unit), (Formerly Enterovirus Research Centre). Haffkine Institute Compound, Indian Council of Medical Research, A.D. Marg, Parel. Mumbai-12, India.

Current Molecular Medicine
|September 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Cluster of differentiation (CD155), a cell surface protein, plays roles in cell adhesion, cancer biomarker identification, and immune surveillance. Its interaction with TIGIT ligands influences NK cell activation, offering potential for oncolytic virotherapy.

Keywords:
CD155PDGFRPVRVEGFRcancerpoliovirus

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Cluster of differentiation (CD155), also known as the poliovirus receptor (PVR), is a cell surface protein involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, invasion, and migration.
  • CD155 expression varies by tissue origin and is regulated by pathways like sonic hedgehog and Ras-MEK-ERK, as well as DNA damage response.
  • The protein exists in four isoforms (two soluble, two transmembrane) and functions beyond viral entry, impacting cancer research and cell signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of CD155 in virus-host interactions, cancer biology, and immune responses.
  • To explore the potential of CD155-mediated pathways, particularly the TIGIT-CD155 interaction, for therapeutic applications.
  • To highlight the significance of CD155 as a biomarker for cancerous tissues and its role in immunesurveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on CD155 function, expression, and interactions.
  • Analysis of CD155's role in viral infections, cancer metastasis, and immune cell signaling.
  • Examination of the TIGIT-CD155 pathway as an MHC-I-independent mechanism for NK cell regulation.

Main Results:

  • CD155 acts as a viral receptor and a biomarker for cancer detection.
  • The TIGIT-CD155 pathway is identified as a novel mechanism for NK cell education and tolerance.
  • CD155 influences cancer metastasis and transendothelial cell migration.

Conclusions:

  • CD155 is a critical molecule in virus-host interactions, cancer progression, and immune system modulation.
  • Exploiting the poliovirus infection pathway via CD155 presents a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment (oncolytic virotherapy).
  • Further research into CD155's onco-immunologic functions can lead to novel cancer therapies.