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Effect of mortality from COVID-19 on inpatient outcomes

Matthew C Phillips1, Laura Sarff1, Josh Banerjee1

  • 1Los Angeles County + University of Southern California (LAC + USC) Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Journal of Medical Virology
|September 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Hospital mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) declined to under 10% by June 2020. However, overall inpatient mortality has increased, particularly for elderly patients and those needing intubation.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Analytics
  • Epidemiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Initial encounters with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presented limited therapeutic options, leading to high mortality rates.
  • By summer 2020, national trends and single-center studies indicated a decline in COVID-19-specific patient mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of COVID-19 on overall hospital-based mortality using a large, multi-center dataset.
  • To analyze trends in inpatient mortality from January 2017 through December 2020, encompassing the initial phase of the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Vizient Clinical Data Base, analyzing over 32 million hospital admissions from approximately 600 hospitals, including 130 academic medical centers.
  • Examined outcomes data from January 2017 to December 2020 to track mortality trends before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Results:

  • Mortality from COVID-19 decreased significantly to below 10% nationally by June 2020 and remained stable.
  • Despite the decline in COVID-19-specific deaths, overall inpatient, all-cause mortality increased post-pandemic onset.
  • Inpatient mortality saw a marked rise in elderly patients and those requiring intubation for respiratory failure.

Conclusions:

  • While COVID-19 mortality improved, its overall contribution has elevated hospital mortality rates, especially for critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
  • The pandemic's broader impact on hospital care necessitates continued monitoring of inpatient mortality trends beyond COVID-19-specific outcomes.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2United Stateshospitalmortality

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