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Published on: July 24, 2013
Mortality, survival and prognostic factors of people with AIDS in intensive care unit
Gilmara Holanda da Cunha1, Reângela Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira Lima1, Marcos Venícios de Oliveira Lopes1
1Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Objective:
To analyze mortality, survival and prognostic factors of patients with AIDS in Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Method:
Retrospective cohort study with a sample of 202 patients with AIDS in ICU, whose sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics were obtained from medical records and assessed.
Results:
Patients were mostly male (73.8%) and drug users (59.4%), with no regular health follow-up (61.4%) and no adherence to antiretrovirals (40.6%), presenting low CD4+ T lymphocyte count (94.0%) and high viral load (44.6%). The main causes of hospitalization were sepsis and respiratory and renal insufficiency. The mean duration of hospitalization was 11.9 days (p = 0.0001), with a 41.6% survival; 58.5% died in the ICU. Sepsis upon admission (p < 0.001), pressure injury (p = 0.038), sexual exposure (p = 0.002), high viral load (p = 0.00001) and prolonged hospitalization (p < 0.001) increased the risk of death.
Conclusion:
Most patients had no regular health follow-up, were drug users and presented low CD4+ T lymphocyte count and high viral load. The high mortality indicated that antiretroviral adherence is essential to reduce viral resistance, opportunistic diseases, and mortality.
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