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Altered B cell compartment associated with Tfh cells in children with Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

Ning Zhang1, Ge Tian2, Yuanyuan Sun2

  • 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No.2 Renmin Street, Liaoning, 121000, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China. ningzhang0505@sina.com.

BMC Pediatrics
|September 14, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) show altered B-cell subsets, with increased total and memory B cells but decreased plasma and naive B cells. These changes are associated with Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Rheumatology

Background:

  • Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a systemic vasculitis often associated with IgA-producing B cells.
  • Understanding B-cell subset alterations in HSP is crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in B-cell subsets in children diagnosed with HSP.
  • To determine the relationship between B-cell subsets and Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in pediatric HSP.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 14 children with HSP and age/sex-matched healthy controls.
  • Quantification of B-cell subsets and Tfh cells (CD4+CXCR5+).
  • Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to assess relationships between Tfh cells and B-cell subsets.

Main Results:

  • Children with HSP exhibited significantly higher frequencies and numbers of total B cells compared to healthy controls.
  • A significant decrease in plasma cells and naive B cells was observed in HSP patients.
  • Increased percentages and absolute numbers of memory nonswitched B cells were found in HSP.
  • Elevated expression of CXCR5 on CD4+ T cells and increased CD4+CXCR5+ (Tfh) cells were noted in HSP patients.
  • Significant correlations were identified between Tfh cells and various B-cell subsets.

Conclusions:

  • The B-cell compartment in children with HSP is significantly altered.
  • These alterations are associated with changes in Follicular helper T (Tfh) cell populations.
  • Findings suggest a Tfh-cell-driven immune dysregulation in pediatric HSP.
Abstract

Keywords:
B cellsCXCR5Henoch-Schonlein purpuraTfhsubsets

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