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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Surface Electromyographic Biofeedback as a Rehabilitation Tool for Patients with Global Brachial Plexus Injury Receiving Bionic Reconstruction
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Late-onset radiation-induced brachial plexopathy.

Kelly Anne Attard1, James Carlos Vella2,3, Charmaine Chircop2,3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta kelly-anne.attard@gov.mt.

BMJ Case Reports
|September 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Late-onset radiation-induced brachial plexopathy can occur years after radiotherapy, even for head and neck cancers. This case highlights the delayed, progressive arm weakness and muscle wasting associated with this condition.

Keywords:
neurological injuryneurologyperipheral nerve diseaseradiologyradiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Radiotherapy

Background:

  • Radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (RIB P) is a known complication following radiotherapy.
  • The late-onset variant typically presents years after treatment, often for breast or lung cancers.

Observation:

  • A case of an elderly male patient with progressive left arm weakness, paresthesias, and shoulder girdle muscle wasting is presented.
  • The patient had received radiotherapy 15 years prior for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Findings:

  • This case illustrates a rare presentation of late-onset RIB P following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
  • The insidious onset and progressive nature of symptoms are characteristic of this condition.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering RIB P in patients with delayed neurological deficits after radiotherapy, irrespective of the primary cancer site.
  • Suggests the need for long-term surveillance in patients treated with radiation to the neck and shoulder region.