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Predictive features associated with chronic spontaneous urticaria recurrence.

Elias Toubi1, Zahava Vadasz2

  • 1Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.

The Journal of Dermatology
|September 14, 2021
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Summary

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) can recur in 21% of patients after remission. Recurrence is linked to bronchial asthma, elevated total immunoglobulin E, and autoimmunity, suggesting potential predictive markers for CSU relapse.

Keywords:
anti-thyroid peroxidaseasthmachronic spontaneous urticariacomorbidityrecurrence

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Allergy

Background:

  • Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) significantly impacts patients' quality of life, with recurrence being a major concern.
  • Fear of CSU relapse can be devastating, especially given its frequent association with stressful comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of CSU recurrence after complete remission.
  • To identify potential clinical and laboratory markers that predict CSU recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a CSU patient registry with data from 180 patients.
  • Periodic follow-up to record CSU resolution, duration, and recurrence.
  • Statistical comparison of clinical and laboratory markers between patients with and without CSU recurrence.

Main Results:

  • CSU resolved within the first year in 13% of patients; 26% experienced CSU for over 5 years.
  • Recurrence was observed in 21% of patients after 1-10 years of remission (mean 2.9 years).
  • Significantly higher prevalence of bronchial asthma (40% vs. 25%), elevated total IgE (40% vs. 23%), and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (44% vs. 20%) were noted in the recurrence group.

Conclusions:

  • CSU recurrence after remission is a significant clinical issue.
  • Existing bronchial asthma, elevated total IgE levels, and autoimmunity are associated with a higher risk of CSU recurrence.
  • Further research is needed to validate these findings and develop predictive tools for CSU relapse.