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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
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Nitric Oxide Impacts Human Gut Microbiota Diversity and Functionalities.

Marion Leclerc1, Cassandre Bedu-Ferrari1, Lucie Etienne-Mesmin2

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Summary

Nitric oxide (NO) exposure in the gut alters microbial composition and function. High NO levels reduce beneficial bacteria and promote potentially harmful species, impacting gut health.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gut Microbiome Research
  • Inflammation Studies

Background:

  • Gut microbiota homeostasis disruption is linked to diseases and inflammation.
  • Inflammation involves nitric oxide (NO) overproduction in the gut.
  • The impact of NO on the human gut microbiota remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of repetitive nitric oxide (NO) pulses on human gut microbiota composition and function.
  • To characterize how NO influences microbial fermentation, metabolome, and diversity.
  • To determine the microbial response to NO stress and potential resistance mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in vitro fermentation systems with human fecal samples.
  • Exposed microbiota to repetitive pulses of nitric oxide (NO).
  • Monitored changes in redox potential, fermentation profiles, gas production, metabolome, and microbial composition (including specific genera and species).

Main Results:

  • NO exposure increased redox potential and altered fermentation, reflecting less anaerobic conditions.
  • Microbial diversity shifted, with decreased Clostridium leptum group and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and increased Dialister genus.
  • Abundance of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Proteus mirabilis increased, with isolated strains showing NO resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) rapidly modifies gut microbial fermentation, function, and composition in a dose-dependent manner.
  • Sustained NO exposure can shift the gut environment away from strict anaerobic processes.
  • This suggests inflammation-induced NO can lead to detrimental and potentially irreversible changes in the human microbiome.