Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

259
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
259
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

47.7K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
47.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

HIV acquisitions, safety, and pharmacokinetics of lenacapavir for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in pregnant and lactating women (PURPOSE 1): a substudy of a phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

The lancet. HIV·2026
Same author

Change in self-reported tobacco cessation support practices among HIV providers in Kisumu, Kenya: a pre-post evaluation of a web-based training programme nested within the IN-ToUCH cluster randomised trial.

BMJ public health·2026
Same author

Young widowhood as a predictor of HIV risk behaviors in a high HIV prevalence setting in Siaya County, Kenya.

Global health action·2026
Same author

Renal function in African women receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate as pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV during pregnancy and postpartum: A postpartum safety analysis in the CAP016 randomized control trial.

HIV medicine·2026
Same author

Impact of STI and BV co-infection on genital cytokine profiles in postpartum women living with HIV on ART.

Journal of reproductive immunology·2026
Same author

Cost Considerations for Rapid Start Implementation: Analysis from Seven Rapid Start Provider Sites.

AIDS and behavior·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
13:58

Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays

Published on: September 26, 2011

31.8K

Machine Learning Algorithms Using Routinely Collected Data Do Not Adequately Predict Viremia to Inform Targeted

Pamela M Murnane1,2, James Ayieko3, Eric Vittinghoff1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|September 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Predicting viremia in postpartum women with HIV using routine data showed moderate success. Improved prediction of viral load requires additional psychosocial factors or objective adherence measures for effective support.

More Related Videos

Isolation of Leukocytes from Human Breast Milk for Use in an Antibody-dependent Cellular Phagocytosis Assay of HIV Targets
08:12

Isolation of Leukocytes from Human Breast Milk for Use in an Antibody-dependent Cellular Phagocytosis Assay of HIV Targets

Published on: September 6, 2019

7.3K
Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
23:56

Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model

Published on: October 31, 2010

16.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
13:58

Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays

Published on: September 26, 2011

31.8K
Isolation of Leukocytes from Human Breast Milk for Use in an Antibody-dependent Cellular Phagocytosis Assay of HIV Targets
08:12

Isolation of Leukocytes from Human Breast Milk for Use in an Antibody-dependent Cellular Phagocytosis Assay of HIV Targets

Published on: September 6, 2019

7.3K
Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
23:56

Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model

Published on: October 31, 2010

16.9K

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • HIV/AIDS Research

Background:

  • Antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence is critical for HIV-positive postpartum women's health and preventing mother-to-child transmission.
  • Suboptimal adherence and subsequent viral load (viremia) are common challenges, often underreported in this population.
  • Targeted adherence support is needed in sub-Saharan Africa during the postpartum period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict viremia in postpartum women with HIV receiving ART.
  • To identify women needing targeted adherence support.
  • To evaluate the utility of routine clinical and demographic data for viremia prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the PROMISE 1077BF/FF study (2011-2014).
  • Inclusion of 1321 postpartum women on ART.
  • Development of predictive models using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and SuperLearner with routine data.
  • Prediction of viremia (>50, >400, >1000 copies/mL) within 6-month intervals up to 24 months postpartum.

Main Results:

  • 42%, 31%, and 28% of women experienced viremia >50, >400, and >1000 copies/mL, respectively, at least once.
  • Models achieved moderate discrimination, with cross-validated area under the receiver operating curve ranging from 0.74 to 0.78.
  • Predicting confirmed viremia >50 copies/mL with 90% sensitivity required classifying 64% of women as high risk.

Conclusions:

  • Routine clinical and demographic data provide moderate but insufficient prediction of viremia in postpartum women with HIV.
  • Enhanced prediction models may require incorporating psychosocial characteristics or objective adherence metrics.
  • Further research is needed to improve targeted adherence support strategies for this vulnerable population.