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Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mitochondrial Function and Cellular Metabolic Adaptation in Metabolic Diseases
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Mitochondrial-derived peptides and exercise.

Jonathan S T Woodhead1, Troy L Merry1

  • 1Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. General Subjects
|September 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) like MOTS-c increase with exercise, potentially mimicking its benefits. Further research is needed to understand MDP roles in exercise adaptation and metabolic health.

Keywords:
Cellular signallingHormesisMitochondriaMusclePhysical activityROS

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Mitochondrial biology
  • Molecular signaling

Background:

  • Mitochondria are crucial for exercise response and adaptations.
  • Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) are emerging signaling molecules.
  • Retrograde signaling coordinates cellular responses to stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on MDPs (humanin, MOTS-c) in response to acute exercise.
  • To explore the role of MDPs in exercise adaptation and metabolic benefits.
  • To discuss potential mechanisms and future research directions for MDPs in exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on MDPs and exercise.
  • Analysis of studies investigating MDP concentrations after acute exercise.
  • Examination of research on MOTS-c effects in mouse models.

Main Results:

  • Acute high-intensity exercise increases humanin and MOTS-c in human muscle and plasma.
  • MOTS-c treatment in mice improves exercise capacity and metabolic health markers.
  • Exercise and MOTS-c share some but not all metabolic benefits, indicating distinct pathways.

Conclusions:

  • MDPs, particularly MOTS-c, may act as exercise-sensitive myokines.
  • Further research is required to elucidate MDP function and therapeutic potential in exercise contexts.
  • Understanding MDPs could reveal novel targets for enhancing exercise-related adaptations.