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Dynamic alignment changes during level walking in patients with dropped head syndrome: analyses using a

Tatsuya Igawa1,2,3,4, Ken Ishii5,6, Akifumi Suzuki7

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 852 Hatakeda, Narita City, Chiba, 286-8520, Japan. igatatsu.7@gmail.com.

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|September 15, 2021
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Summary

Patients with dropped head syndrome (DHS) exhibit altered gait biomechanics, including shorter strides and reduced hip extension. Their walking patterns reflect compensatory kinematic and kinetic adjustments in lower limb joints and trunk alignment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neurology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is characterized by cervical malalignment, impacting gaze and ambulation.
  • Biomechanical gait characteristics in DHS patients remain unclear, particularly regarding dynamic alignment and lower limb kinematics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate kinematic and kinetic differences during level walking in DHS patients compared to healthy elderly individuals.
  • To elucidate the biomechanical adaptations in gait associated with dropped head syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 3D motion analysis system to record spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic data during self-selected speed level walking.
  • Included twelve patients with DHS and twelve healthy elderly controls.
  • Performed statistical analysis to compare gait parameters between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • DHS patients showed significantly shorter stride length and smaller peak hip-joint extension angles compared to controls.
  • Thorax in DHS patients exhibited significant backward tilt.
  • Peak ankle-joint plantar-flexion moment was smaller in DHS patients, despite a larger dorsiflexion angle.

Conclusions:

  • DHS patients' gait is characterized by specific kinematic and kinetic features of lower limb joints.
  • Thorax and pelvis alignment in DHS patients corresponds to their reduced stride length and altered walking speed.
  • These findings highlight the biomechanical consequences of dropped head syndrome on gait dynamics.