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Thyroid function, growth hormone, and organ growth in broilers deficient in phosphorus.

T G Parmer1, L B Carew, F A Alster

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.

Poultry Science
|December 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Dietary phosphorus deficiency in broiler cockerels impairs growth and alters key hormones. Severe deficiency led to hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and reduced growth hormone and thyroid hormone levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Nutrition
  • Endocrinology
  • Poultry Science

Background:

  • Dietary phosphorus is crucial for broiler chicken growth and development.
  • Phosphorus deficiency can impact various physiological processes, including hormonal regulation.
  • Understanding these effects is vital for optimizing poultry feed formulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of dietary phosphorus deficiency on thyroid function, serum growth hormone, and growth parameters in broiler cockerels.
  • To differentiate effects specifically caused by phosphorus deficiency from those due to reduced feed intake.

Main Methods:

  • Broiler cockerels (10-29 days old) were fed diets with varying levels of available phosphorus (.05%, .10%, or .65%).
  • Pair-fed controls were used to isolate the effects of phosphorus deficiency from feed intake reduction.

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  • Measurements included growth parameters, bone ash, organ weights, serum biochemistry, and hormone levels (thyroid hormones, growth hormone).

    • Main Results:

    • Severe phosphorus deficiency (.05% or .10% P) resulted in slower growth, reduced feed intake, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and decreased bone ash.
    • Peripheral edema and hydropericardium were observed in phosphorus-deficient chicks.
    • Serum triiodothyronine was consistently lower, and serum growth hormone was lower compared to pair-fed controls, though significance varied with deficiency severity.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary phosphorus deficiency significantly affects growth and mineral metabolism in broiler cockerels.
    • Phosphorus deficiency alters serum levels of thyroid hormones and growth hormone, suggesting an impact on the endocrine system.
    • The findings highlight the importance of adequate phosphorus levels for broiler health and productivity, though results require further investigation for definitive conclusions.