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Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
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COVID-19 and low-dose radiation therapy.

Neal E Dunlap1, Victor van Berkel2, Lu Cai1,3

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.

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Summary

Low dose radiation (LDR) shows promise as a safe and potentially effective treatment for COVID-19 patients, with most studies indicating clinical improvement. Further research is needed to fully understand its therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
COVID-19Low dose radiationRadiation hormesisRadiotherapySARS-CoV-2

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, leading to significant global mortality.
  • Current COVID-19 treatments include social distancing, masking, antivirals, and steroids.
  • Low dose radiation (LDR) therapy presents an alternative treatment approach with potential advantages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential mechanisms and rationales for using LDR in COVID-19 patients.
  • To summarize the current clinical status and safety of LDR therapy for COVID-19.
  • To explore the future potential of LDR as a COVID-19 treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of over 10 case reports and pilot clinical trials on LDR therapy for COVID-19.
  • Analysis of diverse patient conditions and LDR treatment strategies.
  • Evaluation of reported clinical outcomes and safety data, particularly for 0.5 Gy LDR.

Main Results:

  • The majority of studies indicate some clinical improvement in COVID-19 patients treated with LDR.
  • LDR therapy, especially at 0.5 Gy, has demonstrated safety in COVID-19 patients.
  • One report noted a lack of improvement, highlighting variability in outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • LDR therapy warrants further investigation as a potential treatment for COVID-19.
  • The safety profile of LDR for COVID-19 patients is encouraging.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of LDR could optimize its application in managing COVID-19.