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Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
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Additives for Ambient 3D Printing with Visible Light.

Dowon Ahn1, Lynn M Stevens1, Kevin Zhou1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|September 15, 2021
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Summary

Researchers developed a new 3D printing method using visible light and thiol additives. This innovation enables rapid, high-resolution printing with diverse materials, overcoming limitations of current UV-based technologies.

Keywords:
3D printingDigital Light Processingphotochemistryphotocuringpolymers

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background:

  • Current 3D printing material limitations restrict manufacturing capabilities.
  • UV/violet light photopolymerization offers speed and resolution but limits material compatibility due to degradation and absorption.
  • Visible-light photopolymerization is attractive but often slow and oxygen-sensitive, hindering rapid 3D printing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid, high-resolution 3D printing process using visible light.
  • To overcome the limitations of current visible-light photopolymerization methods, such as slow reaction times and oxygen sensitivity.
  • To expand the range of printable materials for 3D printing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multifunctional thiols as additives in visible-light photopolymerization.
  • Investigated the use of visible light for rapid curing of acrylic resins.
  • Tested printing under ambient atmospheric oxygen conditions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved rapid, high-resolution 3D printing using visible light and thiol additives.
  • Demonstrated compatibility with commercially relevant acrylic resins, yielding diverse mechanical properties (stiff to extensible).
  • Process rivals the performance of UV/violet-based 3D printing technologies.

Conclusions:

  • Multifunctional thiols enable efficient visible-light 3D printing under ambient conditions.
  • This advancement broadens the scope of printable materials for additive manufacturing.
  • The findings will guide the development of advanced 3D printing materials like hydrogels and composites.