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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Does thyroid dysfunction influence inflammatory mediators in experimental periodontitis?

Vitaliy Shcherba1, Inna Krynytska1, Mariya Marushchak1

  • 1I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.

Endocrine Regulations
|September 15, 2021
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Thyroid dysfunction, particularly hyperthyroidism, significantly worsens inflammation in periodontitis by increasing pro-inflammatory mediators like tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). This exacerbates periodontal damage and disease progression.

Keywords:
hyperthyroidismhypothyroidisminflammationperiodontitisrats

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Biology and Periodontology
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease affecting the tissues supporting the teeth.
  • Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolic and inflammatory processes.
  • The interplay between thyroid dysfunction and periodontitis-associated inflammation is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate inflammatory mediators in rats with periodontitis under euthyroid, hyperthyroid, and hypothyroid conditions.
  • To analyze the correlation between inflammatory mediators and thyroid hormone levels in periodontitis.

Main Methods:

  • An experimental model of periodontitis was induced in male rats using lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  • Rats were divided into control, periodontitis, periodontitis with hyperthyroidism, and periodontitis with hypothyroidism groups.
  • Tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were quantified using ELISA.

Main Results:

  • LPS-induced periodontitis increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) and decreased anti-inflammatory IL-10.
  • Thyroid dysfunction, especially hyperthyroidism, significantly exacerbated this cytokine imbalance and inflammation.
  • Hyperthyroid rats showed markedly higher TNF-α and IL-1β levels compared to euthyroid and hypothyroid groups.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid dysfunction, particularly hyperthyroidism, plays a significant role in exacerbating the pro-inflammatory response in periodontitis.
  • Increased inflammatory mediators due to thyroid dysfunction can lead to substantial damage to the periodontium.
  • These findings suggest a potential link between thyroid status and periodontitis severity, impacting disease progression.