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Related Concept Videos

Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

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Overview
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Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

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In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
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Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

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One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
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Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter
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Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter

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DNA Repair in Staphylococcus aureus.

Kam Pou Ha1,2, Andrew M Edwards1

  • 1MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College Londongrid.7445.2, London, United Kingdom.

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR
|September 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Staphylococcus aureus DNA repair aids pathogen survival and antibiotic resistance. Targeting this repair offers a promising strategy for new therapies against persistent staphylococcal infections.

Keywords:
DNA damageDNA repairSOSStaphylococcus aureusantibiotic resistancebacteriophageneutrophil

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus frequently causes chronic or recurrent infections despite host defenses and antibiotics.
  • The pathogen exhibits remarkable resilience in host environments, suggesting mechanisms for survival.
  • DNA repair pathways are increasingly recognized for their role in staphylococcal persistence and adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on DNA repair in Staphylococcus aureus.
  • To explore the role of DNA repair in staphylococcal infections and survival.
  • To assess the potential of targeting staphylococcal DNA repair for novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Staphylococcus aureus DNA repair mechanisms.
  • Comparative analysis of DNA repair pathways in S. aureus versus model organisms (e.g., Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli).
  • Discussion of evidence linking DNA repair to pathogen survival, antibiotic resistance, and host defense evasion.

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcal DNA repair contributes significantly to pathogen survival in host tissues.
  • DNA repair promotes the emergence of antibiotic-resistant mutants.
  • Specific repair mechanisms in S. aureus show both similarities and differences compared to model organisms.

Conclusions:

  • Staphylococcal DNA repair is crucial for infection persistence and adaptation.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can reveal vulnerabilities in S. aureus.
  • Targeting DNA repair pathways presents a viable strategy for developing new anti-staphylococcal therapies.