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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings
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High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings

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Eigenstate thermalization on average.

Joe Dunlop1, Oliver Cohen1, Anthony J Short1

  • 1H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, England, United Kingdom.

Physical Review. E
|September 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores conditions for isolated quantum systems reaching equilibrium. A weaker version of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis is introduced and analyzed for its role in quantum thermalization.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Quantum information theory

Background:

  • Isolated quantum systems can reach equilibrium.
  • The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is a key concept.
  • ETH suggests all energy eigenstates are individually thermal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate conditions for microcanonical equilibrium in isolated quantum systems.
  • To introduce and analyze a weaker form of the ETH.
  • To determine the necessity and sufficiency of this weaker condition for thermalization.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of quantum systems.
  • Introduction of a modified ETH criterion based on average distinguishability.
  • Investigation of the implications for thermalization dynamics.

Main Results:

  • A weaker ETH condition, focusing on average distinguishability, is proposed.
  • The proposed condition is shown to be relevant for quantum thermalization.
  • The study analyzes the necessity and sufficiency of this weaker criterion.

Conclusions:

  • The modified eigenstate thermalization hypothesis provides a potentially more accessible route to understanding quantum thermalization.
  • This work offers new theoretical tools for studying equilibrium in isolated quantum systems.
  • Further research can explore the experimental implications of this weaker ETH condition.