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A risk management framework for Gentle Remediation Options (GRO).

Paul Drenning1, Shaswati Chowdhury2, Yevheniya Volchko2

  • 1Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; Water & Environment West, COWI AB, 414 58 Gothenburg, Sweden.

The Science of the Total Environment
|September 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Gentle Remediation Options (GRO) offer plant, fungi, and bacteria-based solutions for contaminated sites. A new framework aids decision-making by clarifying risk mitigation, land use, and timelines for GRO implementation.

Keywords:
BrownfieldsEcosystem servicesGentle Remediation Options (GRO)PhytomanagementRisk communicationRisk-based land management (RBLM)

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Risk Management

Background:

  • Gentle Remediation Options (GRO) utilize biological and soil amendment strategies for contaminated site management.
  • Despite documented benefits, skepticism persists regarding GRO implementation due to communication gaps in risk mitigation, required risk reduction, and timeframes.
  • Phytomanagement integrates GRO with beneficial land use to gradually reduce risks and restore ecosystem services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a framework for risk management and communication of GRO applications to support phytomanagement strategies.
  • To strengthen the decision basis for practical GRO implementation at contaminated sites.
  • To enhance understanding of GRO mechanisms and timelines for stakeholders.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive literature review to map GRO risk mitigation mechanisms.
  • Application of the Swedish national soil guideline value model to identify human health and ecological risks for green land use scenarios.
  • Development and demonstration of a risk management framework using a case study with biofuel park and allotment garden land uses.

Main Results:

  • Literature supports most expected GRO risk mitigation mechanisms, though knowledge gaps remain.
  • The proposed framework effectively identifies suitable GRO options for different land use scenarios.
  • The framework aids in understanding preliminary timeframes for risk mitigation associated with various GRO.

Conclusions:

  • A clear risk management framework is crucial for increasing GRO viability and acceptance.
  • The proposed framework serves as a communication tool for decision-makers, regulators, and stakeholders.
  • Effective communication of GRO mechanisms and timelines is vital for early-stage brownfield redevelopment projects.