A risk management framework for Gentle Remediation Options (GRO)

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Soil Science
• Risk Management

Background:

• Gentle Remediation Options (GRO) utilize biological and soil amendment strategies for contaminated site management.
• Despite documented benefits, skepticism persists regarding GRO implementation due to communication gaps in risk mitigation, required risk reduction, and timeframes.
• Phytomanagement integrates GRO with beneficial land use to gradually reduce risks and restore ecosystem services.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a framework for risk management and communication of GRO applications to support phytomanagement strategies.
• To strengthen the decision basis for practical GRO implementation at contaminated sites.
• To enhance understanding of GRO mechanisms and timelines for stakeholders.

Main Methods:

• Extensive literature review to map GRO risk mitigation mechanisms.
• Application of the Swedish national soil guideline value model to identify human health and ecological risks for green land use scenarios.
• Development and demonstration of a risk management framework using a case study with biofuel park and allotment garden land uses.

Main Results:

• Literature supports most expected GRO risk mitigation mechanisms, though knowledge gaps remain.
• The proposed framework effectively identifies suitable GRO options for different land use scenarios.
• The framework aids in understanding preliminary timeframes for risk mitigation associated with various GRO.

Conclusions:

• A clear risk management framework is crucial for increasing GRO viability and acceptance.
• The proposed framework serves as a communication tool for decision-makers, regulators, and stakeholders.
• Effective communication of GRO mechanisms and timelines is vital for early-stage brownfield redevelopment projects.