Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Isochoric and Isobaric Processes01:21

Isochoric and Isobaric Processes

3.8K
A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume is called an isochoric process. According to the first law of thermodynamics, heat supplied or removed from the system is partially utilized to perform work and change the internal energy of the system. However, in an isochoric process, the volume remains constant. Hence, the work done by the system is zero. Therefore, the exchange of heat changes the internal energy of the system only. 
Suppose 1000 g of water is heated from 40...
3.8K
Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas01:18

Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas

3.5K
When an ideal gas is compressed adiabatically, that is, without adding heat, work is done on it, and its temperature increases. In an adiabatic expansion, the gas does work, and its temperature drops. Adiabatic compressions actually occur in the cylinders of a car, where the compressions of the gas-air mixture take place so quickly that there is no time for the mixture to exchange heat with its environment. Nevertheless, because work is done on the mixture during the compression, its...
3.5K
Pressure and Volume in an Adiabatic Process01:27

Pressure and Volume in an Adiabatic Process

3.0K
Free expansion of a gas is an adiabatic process. However, there are few differences between free expansion and adiabatic expansion. During free expansion, no work is done, and there is no change in internal energy. But, for an adiabatic expansion, work is done, and there is a change in internal energy. During an adiabatic process, the relation between the pressure and volume is obtained from the condition for the adiabatic process, that is, 
3.0K
Work Done in an Adiabatic Process01:20

Work Done in an Adiabatic Process

3.6K
Consider the adiabatic compression of an ideal gas in the cylinder of an automobile diesel engine. The gasoline vapor is injected into the cylinder of an automobile engine when the piston is in its expanded position. The temperature, pressure, and volume of the resulting gas-air mixture are 20 °C, 1.00 x 105 N/m2, and 240 cm3 , respectively. The mixture is then compressed adiabatically to a volume of 40 cm3. Note that, in the actual operation of an automobile engine, the compression is not...
3.6K
Parameters Affecting Nonlinear Elimination: Zero-Order Input, First-Order Absorption and Two-Compartment Model01:13

Parameters Affecting Nonlinear Elimination: Zero-Order Input, First-Order Absorption and Two-Compartment Model

145
Drugs administered through various routes can lead to nonlinear elimination, resulting in complex pharmacokinetic behaviors crucial to understanding efficacious drug dosing.
When a drug is administered through a constant intravenous infusion and eliminated via nonlinear pharmacokinetics, it follows zero-order input. For example, oral drugs undergo first-order absorption upon administration and are eliminated through nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
In the case of subcutaneously administered drugs,...
145
Energy Considerations in Open Channel Flow01:27

Energy Considerations in Open Channel Flow

245
Open channel flow, where a fluid flows with a free surface exposed to the atmosphere, is primarily governed by gravitational and surface effects, distinguishing it from closed conduit or pipe flow. In open channels such as rivers, canals, and artificial channels, energy analysis provides valuable insights into flow behavior and the relationship between depth, velocity, and slope.Specific Energy and Flow DepthIn open channel flow, the specific energy, E, combines the gravitational potential...
245

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An improved study of HCO<sup>+</sup> and He system: Interaction potential, collisional relaxation, and pressure broadening.

The Journal of chemical physics·2021
Same author

Collisional excitation of NH by H<sub>2</sub>: Potential energy surface and scattering calculations.

The Journal of chemical physics·2021
Same author

Collisional excitation of interstellar PN by H<sub>2</sub>: New interaction potential and scattering calculations.

The Journal of chemical physics·2021
Same author

Potential energy surface and bound states of the H<sub>2</sub>O-HF complex.

The Journal of chemical physics·2020
Same author

An accurate 5D potential energy surface for H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>-H<sub>2</sub> interaction.

The Journal of chemical physics·2020
Same author

Collisional energy transfer in the HeH<sup>+</sup>-H reactive system.

The Journal of chemical physics·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
11:11

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

11.2K

Benchmarking an improved statistical adiabatic channel model for competing inelastic and reactive processes.

Maarten Konings1, Benjamin Desrousseaux2, François Lique2

  • 1KU Leuven, Division of Quantum Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|September 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a statistical quantum method to accurately predict reaction rates for complex chemical processes. The method shows promising accuracy for astrochemistry applications, especially at low temperatures.

More Related Videos

Curtain Flow Column: Optimization of Efficiency and Sensitivity
06:44

Curtain Flow Column: Optimization of Efficiency and Sensitivity

Published on: June 12, 2016

6.7K
Measurements of CO2 Fluxes at Non-Ideal Eddy Covariance Sites
09:05

Measurements of CO2 Fluxes at Non-Ideal Eddy Covariance Sites

Published on: June 24, 2019

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
11:11

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

11.2K
Curtain Flow Column: Optimization of Efficiency and Sensitivity
06:44

Curtain Flow Column: Optimization of Efficiency and Sensitivity

Published on: June 12, 2016

6.7K
Measurements of CO2 Fluxes at Non-Ideal Eddy Covariance Sites
09:05

Measurements of CO2 Fluxes at Non-Ideal Eddy Covariance Sites

Published on: June 24, 2019

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Astrochemistry

Background:

  • Inelastic collisions and chemical reactions involving deep potential energy wells are challenging for traditional quantum mechanical methods like close-coupling.
  • Accurate theoretical predictions are crucial for understanding complex chemical dynamics in astrophysical environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically predict temperature-dependent state-to-state rate coefficients for complex-mode chemical processes.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of a statistical quantum method for these challenging reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a statistical adiabatic channel model, a quantum statistical method.
  • Benchmarked the model against accurate literature rate coefficients for several key systems.

Main Results:

  • The statistical adiabatic channel model demonstrated good accuracy for inelastic collisions and elementary chemical reactions.
  • Errors were less than a factor of 2 for dominant transitions at low temperatures, suitable for astrophysical applications.

Conclusions:

  • The developed statistical quantum method provides accurate rate coefficients for complex-mode reactions.
  • This approach is a viable and accurate tool for astrochemistry and astrophysics research.