Current Concepts in Capsular Contracture: Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Management.

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Biomaterials Science
• Inflammation Research

Background:

• Capsular contracture is the most frequent complication following breast implant surgery.
• The exact causes of capsular contracture are debated, but inflammation is a key factor.
• Multifactorial triggers for inflammation make predicting individual patient risk challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated overview of capsular contracture pathophysiology.
• To discuss current strategies for preventing capsular contracture.
• To review established and emerging treatments for capsular contracture.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent research on capsular contracture.
• Synthesis of information on surgical, biomaterial, and medical interventions.
• Analysis of the inflammatory processes involved in capsular fibrosis.

Main Results:

• The inflammatory origin of capsular fibrosis is well-established.
• Multiple factors contribute to the inflammatory cascade, complicating prediction and prevention.
• Various therapies are being explored to mitigate capsular contracture.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the multifactorial etiology of capsular contracture is crucial.
• Continued research into prevention and treatment strategies is necessary.
• This review offers current insights for clinical practice and patient care.