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Published on: October 14, 2021
Transcriptomic changes during stage progression of mycosis fungoides
M Z X Xiao1, D Hennessey1, A Iyer1
1Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Mycosis fungoides (MF) progression involves increased cell proliferation, Th2/Th9 signaling, and DNA repair, potentially driven by malignant cell spread between skin lesions. This suggests a mechanism for advanced MF development.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Dermatology
- Genomics
Background:
- Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
- Early MF stages are indolent, but ~25% progress to advanced stages with high mortality.
- Mechanisms driving MF stage progression remain poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate MF cell trafficking between skin lesions.
- To compare transcriptomic profiles of skin samples across different MF clinical stages.
Main Methods:
- Whole-transcriptome and whole-exome sequencing of malignant MF cells from laser-capture microdissected skin biopsies.
- Comparison of early-stage plaques (ESP), late-stage plaques (LSP), and tumors (TMR).
- Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses linked to somatic mutations.
Main Results:
- Upregulated pathways in advanced MF include cell proliferation/survival, Th2/Th9 signaling, meiomitosis, and DNA repair.
- Transcriptomic profiles differed significantly between early (ESP) and advanced (LSP, TMR) lesions.
- Advanced lesions (LSP, TMR) showed transcriptomic similarities, suggesting haematogenous cell percolation.
Conclusions:
- MF stage progression is linked to Th2/Th9 polarization, proliferation, survival activation, and genomic instability.
- Global transcriptomic changes across multiple lesions may result from haematogenous spread of malignant cells.
- Findings suggest a model of MF progression involving cell trafficking and self-seeding between skin sites.
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