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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide CGRP in Human Plasma Using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide CGRP in Human Plasma Using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: June 16, 2023

Quantitative ELISA for SERPINA4/kallistatin.

Kurpad Nagaraj Shashidhar¹, Venkata Lakshmaiah², Chandrappa Muninarayana³

¹Department of Biochemistry, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, 563101, India.

|September 16, 2021

Summary

SERPINA4/kallistatin, a liver-expressed protein, shows reduced levels in chronic liver disease patients. This finding supports its potential as a biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring liver dysfunction.

Keywords:

SERPINA4/kallistatin accuracy cross-reactivity epitope linearity monospecific (monoclonal) antibodies precision sensitivity specificity ELISA

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Published on: September 19, 2018

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Clinical Chemistry
Immunology

Background:

SERPINA4/kallistatin is a multifunctional protein primarily synthesized in the liver.
Its circulating levels correlate with liver dysfunction, suggesting potential as a biomarker for chronic liver diseases (CLD).

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantifying SERPINA4/kallistatin.
To assess the diagnostic utility of SERPINA4/kallistatin levels in patients with CLD.

Main Methods:

Development of a quantitative ELISA using specific antibodies against SERPINA4/kallistatin.
Western blot analysis to confirm antibody specificity and rule out interference from other SERPINs.
Assay validation including precision, linearity, and comparison between CLD patients and healthy controls.

Main Results:

A specific and quantitative ELISA for SERPINA4/kallistatin was successfully developed.
Reduced serum levels of SERPINA4/kallistatin were observed in patients with CLD compared to healthy individuals.
The developed ELISA demonstrated good accuracy, precision, and linearity.

Conclusions:

The developed ELISA is a reliable tool for measuring SERPINA4/kallistatin levels.
Lower SERPINA4/kallistatin concentrations in CLD patients highlight its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
Further studies are warranted to explore its clinical application in managing chronic liver diseases.