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Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
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Self-regulation in the pre-adolescent brain.

P Pas1, H E Hulshoff Pol2, M Raemaekers2

  • 1UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
|September 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with better self-regulation skills show stronger brain activity in frontal areas. This suggests that frontal-striatal brain regions are active in self-regulatory behavior even before adolescence.

Keywords:
ChildrenDevelopmentInhibitionSelf-regulationYOUth Cohort StudyfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Self-regulation involves monitoring and modulating emotions, behavior, and cognition for goal achievement and adaptation.
  • It develops from infancy to adulthood, encompassing executive functions like reactive and proactive inhibition.
  • Brain maturation, particularly in adolescence and adulthood, is linked to self-regulation development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between daily life self-regulation and brain functioning in pre-adolescent children.
  • To explore how self-regulation in 8-11 year olds relates to neural mechanisms of inhibitory control.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used during a stop-signal anticipation task.
  • Questionnaire data on self-regulation levels were collected from 640 children aged 8-11.
  • Analysis focused on brain activation and functional coupling during inhibitory control tasks.

Main Results:

  • Higher self-regulation in pre-adolescents correlated with enhanced proactive inhibitory control.
  • Children with better self-regulation showed stronger frontal lobe activation.
  • Increased functional coupling between cortical and subcortical brain areas was observed in high self-regulation children.
  • Pre-adolescents exhibited activation in brain areas previously associated with inhibition only in adults and adolescents.

Conclusions:

  • Frontal-striatal brain areas are active during self-regulatory behavior in pre-adolescent children.
  • The findings reveal early neural underpinnings of self-regulation, involving proactive inhibition and frontal-striatal networks.
  • This study extends our understanding of self-regulation development by highlighting its neural correlates in pre-adolescence.