"Big Three" Infectious Diseases: Tuberculosis, Malaria and HIV/AIDS
Parameshwar Makam1, Ramkishore Matsa2
1Chemical Science Research Group, Advanced Research Group, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411,India.
Abstract:
Infectious diseases have been evolving and re-evolving over the ages and causing immense misery to humans. Among them, some have been prevented and eradicated, but few are still threatening the modern era since their origin. The majority of these infectious diseases are poverty-driven, hence highly prevalent in the lower-income and mid-income countries of Africa and Asia. The world's deadliest infections, including Tuberculosis, Malaria and HIV/AIDS, have been considered as the "Big Three" infectious diseases (BTIDs). With leading infections and deaths every year, the BTIDs have been recognized as the world's greatest pandemics. In light of these alarming situations, this review has been aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of chemotherapeutics, associated challenges and future perspectives of BTIDs.
Insights
The "Big Three" infectious diseases (BTIDs) like Tuberculosis, Malaria, and HIV/AIDS remain major global pandemics, disproportionately affecting low- and mid-income nations. This review examines current chemotherapy, challenges, and future strategies for combating these persistent health threats.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Microbiology
Background:
- Infectious diseases continue to pose significant threats globally, with some ancient diseases persisting in the modern era.
- The majority of these diseases are poverty-driven, leading to higher prevalence in low- and middle-income countries.
- Tuberculosis, Malaria, and HIV/AIDS, termed the "Big Three" infectious diseases (BTIDs), are recognized as leading causes of global morbidity and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of chemotherapeutics for BTIDs.
- To identify and discuss the challenges associated with BTID treatment.
- To explore future perspectives and potential strategies for combating BTIDs.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes existing literature on BTIDs.
- It focuses on chemotherapeutic approaches, treatment challenges, and future research directions.
- Information was gathered from scientific databases and relevant publications.
Main Results:
- Chemotherapeutic options for BTIDs exist but face challenges such as drug resistance and accessibility.
- The review highlights the ongoing impact of these diseases as major pandemics.
- Socioeconomic factors significantly influence the prevalence and management of BTIDs.
Conclusions:
- Effective chemotherapy and strategic interventions are crucial for managing BTIDs.
- Addressing poverty and improving healthcare infrastructure are essential for controlling these diseases.
- Continued research and development of novel therapeutic strategies are vital for future control efforts.
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