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NTRK insights: best practices for pathologists.

Jaclyn F Hechtman1

  • 1Molecular Pathologist, Neogenomics 9490 NeoGenomics Way, Fort Myers, FL, 33912, USA. jaclyn.hechtman@neogenomics.com.

Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc
|September 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurotrophic tropomyosin-receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions are key cancer alterations. Identifying these fusions enables targeted therapy with TRK inhibitors, improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Neurotrophic tropomyosin-receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions are oncogenic drivers discovered in the 1980s.
  • Their prevalence varies across different cancer types.
  • Effective TRK protein inhibitors, approved by the FDA, are now available.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biology of TRK in normal and malignant tissues.
  • To discuss the prevalence and patterns of NTRK fusions in various tumors.
  • To detail current and emerging methods for NTRK fusion detection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NTRK fusion biology, prevalence, and detection methods.
  • Detailed examination of existing and novel diagnostic assays, including RNA-based next-generation sequencing.
  • Comparison of proposed algorithms for NTRK fusion testing.

Main Results:

  • NTRK fusions are important molecular targets in cancer management.
  • Understanding fusion patterns aids in identifying susceptible patient populations.
  • RNA-based next-generation sequencing offers advanced detection capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate identification of NTRK fusions is crucial for guiding targeted therapy.
  • Emerging testing strategies enhance diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
  • Effective communication of testing results within multidisciplinary teams is vital for optimal patient care.