COVID-19-Associated Dysautonomia

Krithika Suresh1, Md Didar Ul Alam1, Emily Satkovich1

  • 1Internal Medicine, Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center, Johnstown, USA.

Cureus
|September 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Orthostatic hypotension (OH), a drop in blood pressure upon standing, can be caused by COVID-19 related autonomic dysfunction. Treatment with midodrine and fludrocortisone effectively managed OH and falls in a patient with COVID-19.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a significant blood pressure (BP) drop upon standing, often due to impaired autonomic reflexes or volume depletion.
  • Neurological symptoms, including dysautonomia, have been reported in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Observation:

  • This report details a case of a patient experiencing OH and recurrent falls.
  • The patient's symptoms were found to be secondary to an underlying COVID-19 infection and associated dysautonomia.

Findings:

  • The patient presented with orthostatic hypotension and recurrent falls.
  • COVID-19 infection was identified as the underlying cause of the patient's dysautonomia and OH.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for COVID-19 to cause or exacerbate orthostatic hypotension through dysautonomia.
  • Successful treatment of OH in this context was achieved using midodrine and fludrocortisone.
  • Further research into the neurological sequelae of COVID-19, particularly concerning autonomic function, is warranted.

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